Incidence, clinical features, risk factors, and outcomes of Intraocular inflammation following Brolucizumab in Indian eyes – A multicentric study

Purpose: To report the incidence, clinical features, potential risk factors, and outcomes of intraocular inflammation (IOI) following brolucizumab in Indian eyes. Methods: All consecutive patients diagnosed with brolucizumab?induced IOI from 10 centers in eastern India between October 2020 and April 2022 were included. Results: Of 758 injections given during the study period across centers, 13 IOI events (1.7%) were recorded attributable to brolucizumab. The IOI occurred after the first dose in two eyes (15%) (median 45 days after brolucizumab), second dose in six eyes (46%) (median = 8.5 days), and third dose (39%) in the remaining five eyes (median 7 days). Reinjections of brolucizumab were administered at a median interval of 6 weeks (interquartile range = 4–10 weeks) in the 11 eyes, where IOI occurred after the second or third dose. Eyes that experienced IOI after the third dose had received a significantly greater number of previous antivascular endothelial growth factor injections (median = 8) compared to those who developed it after the first or second dose (median = 4) (P = 0.001). Anterior chamber cells were seen in almost all eyes (n = 11, 85%), while peripheral retinal hemorrhages were seen in two eyes, and one eye showed branch artery occlusion. Two?thirds of patients (n = 8, 62%) recovered with a combination of topical and oral steroids, while remaining recovered with topical steroids alone. Irreversible visual loss was not seen in any eye, and median vision recovered to pre?IOI levels by 3 months’ time point. Conclusion: Brolucizumab?induced IOI was relatively rare, occurring in 1.7% of eyes, was more common after the second or third injection, especially in those who required frequent reinjections every 6 weeks, and occurred earlier with increasing number of previous brolucizumab injections. Continued surveillance is necessary even after repeated doses of brolucizumab.

An Effective Management for Thalassaemic Patients during Pregnancy

Background : Presence of thalassaemia is considered high risk in pregnancy. The present study find out the role of antenatal and intrapartum care to improve the outcome of pregnancy in thalassaemia. Materials and Method : The prospective longitudinal study was carried out on 25 patients. CBC, LFT, Ferritin, Hb electrophoresis, serial USG was done. Chorionic villous sampling was offered to thalassaemic women to decrease the number of babies born with Thalassaemia. Furthermore, management and treatment options provided to mother to overcome the incidence of maternal and neonatal complications during current pregnancy. Results : 44% of thalassaemic pregnant women had HbE ? thalassaemia, 8% ? thalassaemia major and others had thalassaemia carriers, while only 20% of their partners showed ? thalassaemia trait. All patients were anemic and during delivery mean Hb% were 8.42 g/dl, MCH 22.09 pg, MCV 73.56 fl, MCHC 29.86 g/dl and ferritin 241.51 ng/ ml. Third trimester USG exhibited 32% developed IUGR (Intrauterine growth restriction). 40% patients received blood transfusion after delivery. ? thalassaemia trait was identified in 20% babies at 6 month. Conclusion : Postpartum haemorrhage is a major complication of thalassaemia in pregnancy. After delivery a thorough neonatal check-up and haematological work-up is important for prevention of neonatal mortality and early detection of thalassaemia.

Antimicrobial Utilization Study in a Neurology Setting

Background : Measuring antimicrobial consumption is necessary to understand the volume and patterns of use, to design appropriate interventions to reduce and rationalize its use. Materials and Methods : The antimicrobial consumption in Neurology ICU and IPD were measured over a 5-year period using WHO Defined Daily Dose (DDD) methodology. Results : There was an increasing trend in Antimicrobial Consumption (AMC) from 125.7 to 155.5 DDDs/100 days over 5 years with highest consumption in 2017-2018 (190.7 DDDs). The consumption of Watch group of antibiotics was higher than access group antibiotics both in ICU and IPD and constituted more than 75% of total antibiotic consumption. Conclusions : The initiation of empiric therapy though may be necessary depending on the patients condition, however, duration of antibiotic therapy and reducing usage of prophylactic antibiotics for aspiration pneumonia and reducing consumption of Watch group of antibiotics were identified as stewardship opportunities. Feedback on AMC data and persuasive educational interventions to rationalize and reduce antimicrobial use are required.

Early response to chemotherapy in children with Langerhans cell histiocytosis predicts long-term disease-free survival

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare clonal malignancy of the monocyte-macrophage system. Patients with lesions in 搑isk organs� have significantly higher risk of mortality than patients with lesions limited to 搉on-risk� sites. The influence of early response to therapy on long-term survival in this heterogeneous multi-system disease was analyzed. Methods: During a 7-year period, we retrospectively analyzed the findings in 24 consecutive patients who required systemic chemotherapy for LCH [single system with multifocal bone involvement and multisystem involvement with or without risk organ (RO) involvement]. All patients were started on vinblastine and prednisolone. Progressive disease was treated with salvage protocols or targeted therapy. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT)/conventional CT based response assessment was performed at week 6 of chemotherapy, and if needed after week 12 of chemotherapy. Results: MFO bone, MS ROneg, and MS ROpos LCH was observed in 3, 4, and 17 patients, respectively. Age range of patients varied from 1 month�years (median = 18 months). The EFS and OS were 100% and 100% for MFO bone, 50% and 100%, respectively, for MS ROneg and 35% and 52%, respectively, for MS ROpos. OS was 93% and 100% for CR attained at 6 and 12 weeks respectively regardless of the risk status (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Rapid early response, that is, complete remission at 6 and 12 weeks was associated with significantly improved overall survival. In slow responders, early salvage with alternative regimens or targeted therapy may result in better outcomes

EFFECT OF SUBCHORIONIC HAEMATOMA ON PREGNANCY OUTCOME: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Objective: This study aims at comparative analysis of outcome of pregnancy in patients with 1st trimester bleeding ,with & without sub-chorionic haemorrhage (SCH). Pregnant Material and Methods: women with vaginal bleeding upto14 wks. Study period was Jan 2020 - Dec 2021. Presence& absence of SCH formed the study & the control group respectively. Both groups had similar demographic patterns & parameters (parity, previous Results: miscarriages & gestational age at ?rst miscarriage). 15 out of 50 pregnancies (30%) with subchorionic Hematoma resulted in miscarriage, whereas it was 28 out of 210 pregnancies (13%) withoutsubchorionic hematoma. No signi?cant difference was found on the gestational age at miscarriage & duration between 1st vaginal bleeding & miscarriage.The outcome measures were also similar in both groups. Presence of subchorionic hematoma up to 14 wks. Of gestation increases risk of Conclusion: miscarriage, but pregnancy outcome in ongoing pregnancy is not altered

Novel Insight into the Cellular and Molecular Signalling Pathways on Cancer Preventing Effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa: A Review

A category of diseases known as cancer includes abnormal cell development and the ability to infiltrate or spread to other regions of the body, making them a major cause of mortality worldwide. Chemotherapy, radiation, the use of cytotoxic medicines, and surgery are the mainstays of cancer treatment today. Plants or products produced from them hold promise as a source of anti-cancer medications that have fewer adverse effects. Due to the presence of numerous phytochemicals that have been isolated from various parts of the Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) plant, including anthocyanin, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, polyphenols, organic acids, caffeic acids, citric acids, protocatechuic acid, and others, extracts of this plant have been reported to have anti-cancer effects.These compounds have been shown to reduce cancer cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and cause cell cycle arrest. They also increase the expression levels of the cell cycle inhibitors (p53, p21, and p27) and the pro-apoptotic proteins (BAD, Bax, caspase 3, caspase 7, caspase 8, and caspase 9). This review highlights various intracellular signalling pathways involved in cancer preventive potential of HS.

National guidelines for data quality in surveys: An overview

Good quality health, nutrition and demographic survey data are vital for evidence-based decision-making. Existing literature indicates system specific, data collection and reporting gaps that affect quality of health, nutrition and demographic survey data, thereby affecting its usability and relevance. To mitigate these, the National Data Quality Forum (NDQF), under the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - National Institute of Medical Statistics (NIMS) developed the National Guidelines for Data Quality in Surveys delineating assurance mechanisms to generate standard quality data in surveys. The present article highlights the principles from the guidelines for informing survey researchers/organizations in generating good quality survey data. It describes the process of development of the national guidelines, principles for each of the survey phases listed in the document and applicability of them to data user for ensuring data quality. The guidelines may be useful to a broad-spectrum of audience such as data producers from government and non-government organizations, policy makers, research institutions, as well as individual researchers, thereby playing a vital role in improving quality of health, nutrition and demographic data ecosystem.

Health insurance coverage and out-of pocket expenditure: A study among rural and urban households of Faridabad, Haryana

Introduction: Catastrophic health spending is one of the major factors pushing people into poverty. Reducing “out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE)” on health through health insurance coverage is an effective approach. The objectives of this study are (1) to estimate health insurance coverage among rural and urban households (HHs) and (2) to determine the proportion of income spent on health as OOPE among the selected HHs. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in rural and urban parts of district Faridabad, Haryana. A sample of 374 were taken from rural and urban areas. The unit of the study was HHs in both the areas. The proportion of income spent on health care (both direct and indirect expenses included) as OOPE was taken as outcome variable. Results: Health insurance coverage was higher among urban HHs (58.0%) as compared to the rural (38.5%). The rural population was availing of private consultation, laboratory, and pharmacy services to a greater extent than the urban; hence, they were spending a substantial proportion of their income on health-care services. The majority of the HHs in the rural and urban areas spent up to 20% of their income on health care. Conclusion: Universal health coverage without health insurance is unlikely.

Optimizing Internet Use during Adolescence: eHealth Solutions

Internet offers an immense opportunity as a resource for education, training, and health promotion. This narrative review summarizes the opportunities for health promotion among adolescents through use of the Internet and technology (defined as eHealth). The details of technology and use of Internet for adolescent-health related topics such as nutrition, fitness, sexual health, adventure, and violence were searched through PubMed. The review reports few digital solutions to address key challenges during adolescence like promotion of nutrition and sexual reproductive health, prevention of noncommunicable diseases, substance abuse, and mental health issues. eHealth was concluded as a potential solution for preventive and promotional health practices during adolescence. However, concerns of Internet addiction, safety, privacy, mental health disorders, and misinformation need to be addressed and monitored during adolescence.

Persistence of Ventrolateral Splanchnic Longitudinal Channels

The coeliac trunk is the branch of the abdominal aorta at the level of the twelfth thoracic vertebra. Its branches namely left gastric, common hepatic and splenic arteries supply the primary organs of the supracolic abdominal compartment namely the stomach, pancreas, spleen and liver. In this article, we report case series of three cases in male cadavers aged 65yrs, 60yrs and 70yrs respectively in the Department of Anatomy, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences and MVJ Medical College and Research Institute wherein we discovered that the branching pattern of the coeliac trunk varied from the usual pattern, thus the specimens were photographed to understand further. The observation of first case, common trunk from abdominal aorta showed common hepatic and superior mesenteric artery and left gastric and splenic artery aroused as another common trunk from abdominal aorta. The second case showed the superior mesenteric artery arising from coeliac trunk and the third case was observed the inferior phrenic arteries were arising from coeliac trunk. Knowledge of this variable anatomy may be useful in planning and executing surgical or radiological interventions.

Survival outcomes with 12 weeks of adjuvant or neoadjuvant trastuzumab in breast cancer

Background: There is limited access to 1 year of adjuvant trastuzumab in resource-constrained settings. Most randomized studies have failed to prove non-inferiority of shorter durations of adjuvant trastuzumab compared to 1 year However, shorter durations are often used when 1 year is not financially viable. We report the outcomes with 12 weeks of trastuzumab administered as part of curative-intent treatment. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients treated at Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, a tertiary care cancer center in India. Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-positive early or locally advanced breast cancer who received 12 weeks of adjuvant or neoadjuvant trastuzumab with paclitaxel and four cycles of an anthracycline-based regimen in either sequence, through a patient assistance program between January 2011 and December 2012, were analyzed for disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity. Results: A total of 102 patients were analyzed with a data cutoff in September 2019. The median follow-up was 72 months (range 6–90 months), the median age was 46 (24–65) years, 51 (50%) were postmenopausal, 37 (36%) were hormone receptor-positive, and 61 (60%) had stage-III disease. There were 37 DFS events and 26 had OS events. The 5-year DFS was 66% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 56–75%) and the OS was 76% (95% CI 67–85%), respectively. Cardiac dysfunction developed in 11 (10.7%) patients. Conclusion: The use of neoadjuvant or adjuvant 12-week trastuzumab-paclitaxel in sequence with four anthracycline-based regimens resulted in acceptable long-term outcomes in a group of patients, most of whom had advanced-stage nonmetastatic breast cancer.

Access to HER2?targeted therapy at a tertiary care center in India: An evolution

Background:In a previous retrospective audit from our institution we reported that patients had limited access to HER2-targeted therapy due to financial constraints. Subsequently, the advent of biosimilar versions of trastuzumab and philanthropic support has potentially changed this situation. Herein, we reanalyzed and reported access to HER2-targeted therapy in a more recent cohort of patients. Methods: Medical records of new breast cancer patients registered in one calendar year were retrospectively reviewed, supplemented by online pharmacy data to extract information on receptor status, use of HER2-targeted therapy, and other relevant variables. Since not all HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) 2+ tumors underwent fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) testing, we estimated the probable HER2 amplified from this group based on a FISH amplified fraction in those HER2 2+ tumors who did undergo FISH. Results: Between January 2016 and December 2016, 4717 new BC patients were registered at our institution, of whom 729 (20.04%) had HER2 IHC 3+ tumors while 641 (17.62%) had HER2 IHC 2+ tumors. The final number of HER2 overexpressing/amplified tumors was estimated to be 928 (729 HER2 IHC 3+, 105 known FISH amplified, and 94 estimated FISH amplified), of whom 831 received treatment at our institution. Overall 474 (57.03%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 53.6–60.4) of these 831 patients received trastuzumab for durations ranging from 12 weeks to 12 months in the (neo)adjuvant setting or other durations in metastatic setting compared to 8.61% (95% CI 6.2–11.6) usage of HER2-targeted therapy in the 2008 cohort. Conclusion: Access to HER2-targeted therapy has substantially increased among patients treated at a public hospital in the past decade, likely due to the advent of biosimilars, the use of shorter duration adjuvant regimens, and philanthropic support. However, further efforts are required to achieve universal access to this potentially life-saving treatment.

Microbial Profile of Neonatal Septicemia and its Antibiogram Prevalent in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western Odisha

Introduction : A disseminated disease with positive Blood Culture during the first month of life and encompasses various systemic infections of the newborn such as septicemia, meningitis, pneumonia, arthritis, osteomyelitis and Urinary Tract Infection is defined as Neonatal Sepsis. It is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality amongst neonates of developing countries. Aim : To determine the microbial profile of Blood Culture-positive Septicemia cases and study their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Materials and Methods : Blood Culture and C-reactive Protein (CRP) estimation were done for all 220 clinically suspected neonates. All the pure Bacterial and Candida isolates were identified using standard biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done for all bacterial isolates using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results : Out of 220 cases, 68.2% were culture positive. Early-onset Neonatal Septicemia (EONS) cases were 74% and Late-onset Neonatal Septicemia (LONS) 26%. The male to female ratio was 1.9:1. Bacterial cases were 66% and 34% were due to Candida. Gram-negative isolates predominated, with Klebsiella pneumonia being the most common one. In the case of Gram-positive isolates, Staphylococcus aureus was most common. The best overall sensitivity of Gram-negative isolates was to Amikacin (100%), Colistin (100%), and Imipenem (96%). Grampositive isolates reported 100% sensitivity to Vancomycin, Teicoplanin and 97.4% to Linezolid. Conclusion : Gram-negative isolates were the leading cause of Sepsis in our study. Strict antimicrobial stewardship should be implemented to prevent the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains.

A Novel Diabetes Education Program to Improve Diabetes Knowledge, Awareness and Glycemic Control

Diabetes self-management education (DSME), an integral part of diabetes management is delivered by trained educators in well-developed countries. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of an organized, concise and easy-to-deliver diabetes education module in India. The relationship between diabetes self-care and glycemic control has been studied extensively. The present review discusses an innovative diabetes self-education training module that can be easily reciprocated by others to benefit the larger population.

Comparison of I-gel and Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) Supreme during laparoscopic Gynecological procedure

Background: The I-gel is a latex-free SAD that has a non-inflatable cuff and medical-grade thermoplastic elastomer. The design allows for a more close interaction when engaging with supraglottic tissue. The goal of the present prospective study was to compare the performance of the I-gel with that of the LMA-Supreme. Methods: The present prospective study was conducted on 100 adult patients with age between 18 to 60 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II who were scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic Gynecological procedure under general anesthesia were included in the study. Patient having gastric reflux, Obesity (BMI >30kg/m2), cervical spine disease or difficult airway were excluded from the study. The study was conducted after obtaining approval from the Institutional Review Board. A written informed consent for participation in the study was obtained from each patient. Results: The mean time for insertion in the Group SLMA was 29 sec which was significantly more as compared to 21 sec in Group I-gel (p<0.0001). 84% cases from the Group I-gel had ease of insertion which was significantly more as compared to 82% among the Group SLMA. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, both devices were similarly successful ventilatory devices for gynaecological laparoscopic procedures in terms of ease of insertion, first-time success rates, time to insertion, and oropharyngeal leak pressure

Retrospective Cross Sectional MRI Study of Morphometry of Menisci of Knee Joint

Introduction: Meniscal tears are commonly encountered in clinical practice and cause significant musculoskeletal morbidity. Most of the data available on Morphometry of menisci in Indian population are through cadaveric studies and very few MRI studies are available to substantiate the available data. Aim of the study: To gather data on the Morphometry of menisci in South Indian population and compare it with the existing literature. Material and Method: 100 MRI images collected retrospectively were used to study menisci. Height and width of MM and LM were measured both in sagittal and coronal planes. Results: It was observed that in both sexes the height of the Anterior horn of Medial meniscus was significantly higher than that of Lateral meniscus. Width of the Anterior horn and body showed significantly higher values in Lateral meniscus whereas width of Posterior horn of Medial meniscus showed significantly higher values in both sexes. Height of Medial meniscus in all the segments was higher in males though the difference was significant only in anterior horn and Posterior horn segments. Height of Lateral meniscus was significantly higher in males in all the segments. Conclusion: Results of this study will add to the existing literature on the Morphometry of menisci and will serve as a database for patients undergoing meniscal allografts.

Prevalence of risk alleles in the lysyl oxidase-like 1 gene in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma patients in India

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to genotype two previously identified SNPs (rs1048661:R141L, and rs3825942:G153D) in the lysyl oxidase?like 1 (LOXL1) gene and determine their association with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (XFG) in patients from Pune, India. Methods: All subjects underwent detailed phenotyping, and DNA extraction was performed on blood samples by using standardized techniques. Exon 1 of the LOXL1 gene containing the SNPs (rs3825942:G153D; rs1048661:R141L) were Sanger sequenced, and the results were analyzed using sequence analysis software SeqScape 2.1.1. Results: Data were analyzed from 71 patients with XFG and 81 disease?negative, age?matched controls. There was a strong association between the G allele of rs3825942 and XFG with an odds ratio of 10.2 (CI: 3.92–26.6; P < 0.001). The G allele of rs1048661 also showed an increase in risk relative to the T allele (OR = 1.49; CI: 0.88–2.51; P = 0.13), but this was not significant. Haplotype combination frequencies were estimated for rs1048661 and rs3825942; the GG haplotype was associated with a significant increase in risk (OR = 3.91; CI: 2.27–6.73; P < 0.001). Both the GA and TG haplotypes were associated with decreased XFG risk, although the latter was not significant (GA: OR = 0.08; CI: 0.03–0.21; P < 0.001; TG: OR = 0.67; CI: 0.40–1.13; P = 0.13). Conclusion: The risk G allele in rs3852942 (G153D) is strongly associated with the development of XFG in the Western Indian population. Genetic screening strategies to identify LOXL1 risk alleles in the population can assist in case definition and early diagnosis, targeting precious resources to high?risk patients.

The Determinants o f Leptin Levels i n Obese Diabetics and Non - Obese Diabetics: A Population - Based Cross - Sectional Study

Background: There is an established link between Hyperleptinemia and Obesity. Leptin resistance, characterized by elevated levels of circulating leptin together with disruption of hormone signalling, is an important feature of obesity. Hyperleptinemia has been demonstrated to correlate with insulin resistance. Aims and Objectives: Evaluation of Leptin In Obese and Non - Obese Diabetics. Methods: This cross - sectional study aimed to evaluate the levels of lepti n in non - obese and obese and its relationship. A total of 30 obese diabetics and 30 non - obese diabetics were involved in the study which was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh. Collected blood samples were estimated for HbA1C and leptin levels. Body Fat was estimated using Body Stat in Non - Obese Diabetics and Obese Diabetics. Results: In this study, Leptin levels were significantly higher in obese diabetics compared to non - obese diabetics. Data presents cor relations between leptin in obese with HbA1C, BMI, and Body Fat in Obese Conclusion: Elevated Leptin Levels is a strong marker of obesity which suggests Leptin Resistance

Acute Methanol Toxicity: Clinical Correlation with Autopsy Findings, a Descriptive Study

Background: Methyl alcohol poisoning or deaths from drinking illegally brewed cheap alcohol which is often spiked with chemicals to increase its potency are frequent in India. Many outbreaks from different parts of the country have been reported from time to time. A total of 11,830 lives were lost between 2006 and 2015 due to the consumption of spurious liquor in the country. The symptoms can range from mild to severe depending upon factors like the amount of exposure and time of presentation. Aims and objectives: The present study was designed to describe the clinical presentation, management, and outcome of the patients during a recent methanol outbreak that can form a basis for diagnosis and management. This study also highlights the salient autopsy findings and their correlation with clinical features. Materials and methods: It is a retrospective, descriptive study discussing clinical features of patients with methanol intoxication, their outcome, and the clinical correlation with autopsy findings of patients who succumbed to death. The study was conducted at King George’s Medical University, Lucknow. The patients were enrolled from a methanol intoxication outbreak in Barabanki district on 28th May 2019 followed by a similar outbreak in Sitapur district two days later. Results: A total of 33 patients were included in this study based on predefined clinical characteristics. The average amount of alcohol consumed was about 223 mL (range: 100–300 mL). The majority of patients had onset of symptoms between 12 and 24 hours. All patients had gastrointestinal symptoms, 97% of patients had visual disturbances, 91% of patients had central nervous system manifestation while frank coma was observed in 15% of patients. Decreased urine output was reported in 6% of patients. About 90% of patients had metabolic acidosis. Out of 33 patients included in this study, 30 patients were discharged in stable condition while two died and one absconded. Autopsy findings revealed marked cerebral edema and hyperemia, hyperemic heart, and congested lungs in all the patients. One patient showed putaminal necrosis which is characteristic of methanol poisoning. Kidneys in two cases were hyperemic and show parenchymal degeneration which co-relates with both patients being anuric. Conclusion: Methanol intoxication is a serious problem in developing countries like ours. Timely intervention is an important factor in reducing mortality among these patients. The study highlights the very important fact that methanol intoxication can be managed at the very ground level with minimal resources (as available) if intervened and recognized in time.

Ayurvedic Approach and Updates Related to Sveda and Svedavaha Srotasa

Knowledge of Ayurveda is based on specific fundamental principles. Dosha, Dhatu, Mala, Srotasa are some among them. Malas are the waste products which primarily generate after digestion of food. While Srotasa are the channels or pathways in the human body which carries Dosha, Dhatu, Mala and Mana. Sveda (sweat) is one of the waste product which forms after digestion of food or in the process of metabolism of adipose tissue. Formation, transportation and elimination of Sveda is carried out by Sveadavaha Srotasa and it helps to regulate body temperature, maintain skin moisture and excrete toxic substance from body. Detail description of concept Sveda, Svedavaha Srotasa, its normal mechanism, importance in manifestation of various diseases and its application in treatment is described in Ayurvedic texts. Thinking of this fact, for better acknowledgment of these concepts and its role in the practice this comprehensive review has been done.